Tarefa paper_repro.thornton_2008.tab4_c1.design

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Pergunta feita ao analista

Do small cash incentives raise the share of people in rural Malawi who return to learn their HIV test results? In the paper's main sample of respondents who were tested, estimate the effect of being offered any incentive on learning one's result, accounting for the fact that incentives were assigned to people within villages.

Como o agente resolveu e como foi validado

Resumo passo a passo do que o agente executou, por que o caminho está correto e como cada verificação conferiu o resultado.

1. 1Preparação da base de dados
   thornton— Thornton's (2008) Malawi HIV-results experiment, as distributed with 'Causal Inference: The Mixtape' (thornton_hiv.dta): one row per respondent of the 2004 survey (4,820 rows, 133 columns; most are interactions not needed here). Columns used by the paper's main tables: villnum, village identifier (incentives were randomized to individuals within villages); site, district (1 Mchinji, 2 Balaka, 3 Rumphi); rumphi and balaka, 1 for respondents in those districts; got, 1 if the respondent went to the results centre and learned the HIV test result; any, 1 if the respondent was offered any nonzero monetary incentive; tinc, the value of the incentive offered; distvct, distance from home to the assigned results centre (km); under and over, 1 if that distance is under or over 1.5 km; simaverage, simulated average distance; hiv2004, 1 if HIV positive (0 negative; -1 or missing when not tested); test2004, 1 if tested in 2004; male, 1 for men; age, in years; age2, age squared; MainSample, 1 for the paper's main analysis sample (tested, with demographic data) and missing otherwise.
2. 2Chamada que gerou a resposta finalinfer.ols(Regressão linear por mínimos quadrados ordinários (MQO))citada na respostacoincide com a referência

   Ver chamada call_1b75cd1d nos detalhes

   Table 4, column (1): OLS of attendance at the results centre on any incentive, HIV status, sex, age, age squared and district dummies, errors clustered by village, in the main sample (tested, with demographic data).

   Por que este é o caminho de referência: Table 4, column (1): OLS of attendance at the results centre on any incentive, HIV status, sex, age, age squared and district dummies, errors clustered by village, in the main sample (tested, with demographic data).
   Argumentos principais

   cluster:

   "villnum"

   controls:

   ["hiv2004","male","age","age2","rumphi","balaka"]

   dataset:

   "thornton"

   intercept:

   true

   level:

   0,950.95

   se:

   "HC1"

   subset:

   "MainSample == 1"

   x:

   ["any"]

   y:

   "got"

   Resultado calculado

   • coef.any = 0,431484 0.43148448096904746
     Coefficient on any in the regression of got
   Diagnósticos: n_obs = 2.8122812 (observations used) · k = 88 (parameters estimated, fixed-effect dummies included) · r2 = 0,181360.1813597706906881 · df_resid = 2.8042804 · se_type = "cluster" (cluster-robust standard errors (CR1) by 'villnum') · n_clusters = 119119 (119 clusters of 'villnum')
3. 3Conferência de lastro e resposta final

   Todos os 1 números escritos na resposta foram conferidos contra as ferramentas e o enunciado (nenhum número sem lastro).

   Números encontrados: 0,4315
   Figuras citadas: call_1b75cd1d:coef.any
   • ✓
     #0resposta com lastro

     Garante que todo número citado no texto veio de uma ferramenta ou do enunciado (sem cálculo mental do modelo).
   • ✓
     #1figura da resposta escolhida

     an answer figure: the effect of an estimator call the answer cites
   • ✓
     #2uma entre

     acceptable tools: the reference tool and its alternatives
   • ✓
     #3argumento igualy

     T3: the outcome the design question implies
   • ✓
     #4argumento igualx[0]

     T3: the treatment the design question implies
   • ✓
     #5argumento igualy

     T3: the outcome the design question implies
   • ✓
     #6argumento igualtreatment

     T3: the treatment the design question implies
   • ✓
     #7argumento igualy

     T3: the outcome the design question implies
   • ✓
     #8argumento igualtreatment

     T3: the treatment the design question implies
   • ✓
     #9argumento igualy

     outcome: attended the results centre (learned the result) (T3: recorded; a design question cannot state it)
   • ✓
     #10argumento igualcluster

     errors clustered by village (T3: recorded; a design question cannot state it)
   • ✓
     #11diagnósticon_obs

     (T3: recorded; a design question cannot state it)
   • ✓
     #12figura da resposta próxima

     software reference (T3: recorded; T3 pontua o desenho; a estimativa é registrada)
   • ✓
     #13figura da resposta próxima

     software reference, SE: recorded (T3)
   • ✓
     #14figura da resposta próxima

     published cell: recorded, never required on T2/T3
   • ✓
     #15figura da resposta próxima

     published cell, SE: recorded, never required on T2/T3

Valores esperados e de onde vêm

Verificações

Caminho de referência e caminho do agente

A chamada de referência ao lado da chamada que deu a resposta, argumento por argumento.

Trajetória

Cada evento na ordem em que aconteceu: turnos do modelo, chamadas de ferramentas, guardas, transformações e pontuação.

1. 0Início

   Do small cash incentives raise the share of people in rural Malawi who return to learn their HIV test results? In the paper's main sample of respondents who were tested, estimate the effect of being offered any incentive on learning one's result, accounting for the fact that incentives were assigned to people within villages.

   thornton (agent)

   Thornton's (2008) Malawi HIV-results experiment, as distributed with 'Causal Inference: The Mixtape' (thornton_hiv.dta): one row per respondent of the 2004 survey (4,820 rows, 133 columns; most are interactions not needed here). Columns used by the paper's main tables: villnum, village identifier (incentives were randomized to individuals within villages); site, district (1 Mchinji, 2 Balaka, 3 Rumphi); rumphi and balaka, 1 for respondents in those districts; got, 1 if the respondent went to the results centre and learned the HIV test result; any, 1 if the respondent was offered any nonzero monetary incentive; tinc, the value of the incentive offered; distvct, distance from home to the assigned results centre (km); under and over, 1 if that distance is under or over 1.5 km; simaverage, simulated average distance; hiv2004, 1 if HIV positive (0 negative; -1 or missing when not tested); test2004, 1 if tested in 2004; male, 1 for men; age, in years; age2, age squared; MainSample, 1 for the paper's main analysis sample (tested, with demographic data) and missing otherwise.

   file 1e05f2cda26106ca979ad70319cae69c237f9fd3369e429d86a4ec5062afb949 · frame —
2. 1Turno do modelo
   call_132d9350referenceFim: tool_use0 ms0 de entrada · 0 de saída · 0 de raciocínio · 0 em cache

   Texto visível

   Table 4, column (1): OLS of attendance at the results centre on any incentive, HIV status, sex, age, age squared and district dummies, errors clustered by village, in the main sample (tested, with demographic data).

   Chamadas pedidas

   • infer.ols

     {
       "cluster": "villnum",
       "controls": [
         "hiv2004",
         "male",
         "age",
         "age2",
         "rumphi",
         "balaka"
       ],
       "dataset": "thornton",
       "fe": [],
       "subset": "MainSample == 1",
       "x": [
         "any"
       ],
       "y": "got"
     }

   Mensagens (formato neutro)Instruções do sistemaFerramentas oferecidas
3. 2Ferramenta
   infer.ols— Regressão linear por mínimos quadrados ordinários (MQO)v0.1.0call_1b75cd1ddecidido pelo modeloreexecutável

   Motivo: Table 4, column (1): OLS of attendance at the results centre on any incentive, HIV status, sex, age, age squared and district dummies, errors clustered by village, in the main sample (tested, with demographic data).

   Argumentos

   {
     "cluster": "villnum",
     "controls": [
       "hiv2004",
       "male",
       "age",
       "age2",
       "rumphi",
       "balaka"
     ],
     "dataset": "thornton",
     "fe": [],
     "intercept": true,
     "level": 0.95,
     "se": "HC1",
     "subset": "MainSample == 1",
     "weights": null,
     "x": [
       "any"
     ],
     "y": "got"
   }

   Figuras call_1b75cd1d

   Chave	Valor	Valor bruto	Erro-padrão	IC
   coef.any Coefficient on any in the regression of got	0,431484	0.43148448096904746	0,02290380.022903775310708474	0,386129 – 0,47684

   Diagnósticos

   • n_obs = 2.8122812 (observations used)
   • k = 88 (parameters estimated, fixed-effect dummies included)
   • r2 = 0,181360.1813597706906881
   • df_resid = 2.8042804
   • se_type = "cluster" (cluster-robust standard errors (CR1) by 'villnum')
   • n_clusters = 119119 (119 clusters of 'villnum')

   Derivação matemática e pressupostos

   coef.any

   1. Coeficiente de any na regressão por mínimos quadrados ordinários de got.→ 0,431484 (0.43148448096904746)
   2. Erro-padrão robusto por conglomerado (CR1): a raiz da variância estimada do coeficiente.ep = √V_jj→ 0,0229038 (0.022903775310708474)
   3. Intervalo de 95% de confiança: a estimativa mais ou menos o valor crítico da distribuição t de Student com 118 graus de liberdade vezes o erro-padrão.IC = β ± c · ep

   Pressupostos do estimador

   • the conditional mean of the outcome is linear in the regressors
   • errors are independent across clusters of 'villnum' and may be correlated within them

   Tabelas (1)

   {
     "coefficients": [
       {
         "ci_high": 0.46315992448391674,
         "ci_low": 0.2287466369483815,
         "coef": 0.3459532807161491,
         "p": 4.5941886333014205e-8,
         "se": 0.059187136420660445,
         "t": 5.845075495076448,
         "term": "Intercept"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": 0.47684019162042696,
         "ci_low": 0.38612877031766796,
         "coef": 0.43148448096904746,
         "p": 2.2667877103064597e-37,
         "se": 0.022903775310708474,
         "t": 18.839011259742424,
         "term": "any"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": 0.007346364068939702,
         "ci_low": -0.11645315494960973,
         "coef": -0.05455339544033501,
         "p": 0.08354447647717793,
         "se": 0.03125820681070506,
         "t": -1.745250320042415,
         "term": "hiv2004"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": 0.026959644688966417,
         "ci_low": -0.04646417870172913,
         "coef": -0.009752267006381356,
         "p": 0.5998437286886793,
         "se": 0.01853882046209857,
         "t": -0.5260457118250452,
         "term": "male"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": 0.010806472749021884,
         "ci_low": -0.001380706983903632,
         "coef": 0.004712882882559126,
         "p": 0.12830390998885716,
         "se": 0.003077147532971754,
         "t": 1.5315752111526681,
         "term": "age"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": 0.00004452430568361621,
         "ci_low": -0.00011913722431766311,
         "coef": -0.00003730645931702345,
         "p": 0.3684704324710839,
         "se": 0.00004132298729666214,
         "t": -0.9028016065052703,
         "term": "age2"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": -0.0792476627094785,
         "ci_low": -0.1949862230531265,
         "coef": -0.1371169428813025,
         "p": 0.000007340978823823163,
         "se": 0.029222891040900964,
         "t": -4.692107385589974,
         "term": "rumphi"
       },
       {
         "ci_high": -0.07180091213444206,
         "ci_low": -0.16396647992205243,
         "coef": -0.11788369602824725,
         "p": 0.0000015197747132819793,
         "se": 0.023270933534883274,
         "t": -5.065705501308697,
         "term": "balaka"
       }
     ]
   }

   Hashes SHA-256 e metadados de reprodução

   Digests dos dados

   thornton dc13aacf7f58cce5e743c7dbaeafdfd387dc91212e8c2bbf48e7948d8ff682d7

   sha256 do resultado

   b9edb7ef8a6af8ff563d9d7944a6004ffd812d39aeafd09d05dba9a94a7b5763

   Resultado mostrado ao modelo
4. 3Turno do modelo
   call_283533edreferenceFim: tool_use0 ms0 de entrada · 0 de saída · 0 de raciocínio · 0 em cache

   Chamadas pedidas

   • submit_answer (meta-ferramenta)

     {
       "answer": "Estimativa (infer.ols): coef.any = 0,4315.",
       "caveats": [],
       "figure_refs": [
         "call_1b75cd1d:coef.any"
       ]
     }

   Mensagens (formato neutro)Instruções do sistemaFerramentas oferecidas
5. 4Guarda
   resposta aceita

   Números encontrados

   0,4315

   Sem lastro

   —

   Não citados

   —

   1 nova(s) tentativa(s) restante(s)
6. 5Resposta

   Estimativa (infer.ols): coef.any = 0,4315.

   Figuras citadas: call_1b75cd1d:coef.any · Parada: answered

   Figura da resposta: call_1b75cd1d:coef.any = 0,4314840.43148448096904746 (se 0,02290380.022903775310708474)
7. 6Pontuação
   #0resposta com lastropassouobrigatóriaevery number backed
8. 7Pontuação
   #1figura da resposta escolhidapassouobrigatóriaanswer figure call_1b75cd1d:coef.any (infer.ols)
9. 8Pontuação
   #2uma entrepassouobrigatóriatool_called(infer.ols): ok | tool_called(infer.ate): answer call is infer.ols | tool_called(infer.neyman): answer call is infer.ols
10. 9Pontuação
    #3argumento igualpassouobrigatóriainfer.ols.y = 'got'
11. 10Pontuação
    #4argumento igualpassouobrigatóriainfer.ols.x[0] = 'any'
12. 11Pontuação
    #5argumento igualpassouobrigatórianot applicable: the answer call is infer.ols, not infer.ate
13. 12Pontuação
    #6argumento igualpassouobrigatórianot applicable: the answer call is infer.ols, not infer.ate
14. 13Pontuação
    #7argumento igualpassouobrigatórianot applicable: the answer call is infer.ols, not infer.neyman
15. 14Pontuação
    #8argumento igualpassouobrigatórianot applicable: the answer call is infer.ols, not infer.neyman
16. 15Pontuação
    #9argumento igualpassouregistradainfer.ols.y = 'got'
17. 16Pontuação
    #10argumento igualpassouregistradainfer.ols.cluster = 'villnum'
18. 17Pontuação
    #11diagnósticopassouregistrada2812 vs 2812
19. 18Pontuação
    #12figura da resposta próximapassouregistrada0.431484481 vs 0.4314844809690622
20. 19Pontuação
    #13figura da resposta próximapassouregistrada0.02290377531 vs 0.022903775310708543
21. 20Pontuação
    #14figura da resposta próximapassouregistrada0.431484481 vs 0.431
22. 21Pontuação
    #15figura da resposta próximapassouregistrada0.02290377531 vs 0.023

Épocas × verificações

Tentativas

Cada tentativa é seu próprio arquivo e é publicada; só a última de cada época é pontuada.

• época 1, tentativa 1passoupontuada(exibindo)

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