Integrated Structured Breakfast and Morning Sport Program and Its Associations with Attention, Executive Functions, and Academic Performance in Students
Francesca Latino e outros, 2026 · Nutrients
Participation in a 16-week morning breakfast and sport program improved average academic grades by 0.4 points on a 10-point scale relative to the control group.
Estimativa · Overall grade average across curricular subjects, points (1-10 scale)
0,400 [0,100; 0,700]
grade points (1-10 scale)
p: 0.028
- Desenho
- Outro observacional. Quasi-experimental pre-post design with class-based allocation
- População
- Secondary school students aged 14-16 in Southern Italy, 2024
- Amostra
- 110 · students across 4 classes in one secondary school
Onde está o número
Table 5, row 'Average academic grades', column 'Between-Group Difference in Change (95% CI)'
Average academic grades | 6.8 ± 0.7 | 7.3 ± 0.6 | +0.5 | 6.7 ± 0.8 | 6.8 ± 0.7 | +0.1 | 0.4 (0.1, 0.7) | 4.94 | 0.028 | 0.044
Contexto
What changed: Students received a structured Mediterranean-style breakfast and 40 minutes of cognitively demanding sport three mornings per week for 16 weeks before regular classes. Comparison: Control students followed the standard school routine without nutritional or pre-lesson sport activities. Limits: Quasi-experimental allocation across four intact classes in a single school, small sample, and inability to untangle the separate effects of breakfast versus physical activity.
Caminho no grafo
- FamíliaTransferências, subsídios e financiamento
- TipoTransferências em espécie
- ResultadoAprendizado (proficiência em testes)
- EixoEducação
MAGI só cita evidência deste instrumento
Lugares do estudo
- Italy · País · IT
- Licença
- CC-BY
- Revisão
- Extraído por máquina, não revisadoExtraído por: gemini-3.8-flash, 2026-10-23