Civilianized safety practitioners reduce crime and disorder: Evidence from a quasiexperimental evaluation in San Francisco
Forrest Stuart e outros, 2026 · PNAS Nexus
Deploying unarmed civilian safety practitioners to high-crime street intersections reduced total monthly reported crime incidents by 1.81 per intersection during daytime operating hours.
Estimativa · Monthly reported crime incidents per intersection
-1,81 [-3,41; -0,210]
monthly crime incidents per intersection
p: 0.026
- Desenho
- Controle sintético. Generalized synthetic control with staggered rollout across 624 intersections
- População
- High-need street intersections in San Francisco, California, September 2018 to November 2023
- Amostra
- 624 · intersections (41 treated, 583 control; 39,312 intersection-month observations)
Onde está o número
Results > Broad reductions in total crime; Results, subsection 'Broad reductions in total crime' and Table 1, row 'Total' under 'Day crimes only'
During operating hours, treated intersections experienced 1.81 fewer total incidents per month than controls (ATT = −1.81; 95% CI: −3.41 to −0.21; P = 0.026).
Contexto
What changed: Deployment of unarmed civilian safety practitioners providing visible presence, de-escalation, and service referrals across 41 intersections in San Francisco. Comparison: Staggered generalized synthetic control comparing treated intersections to 583 control intersections over 2018–2023. Limits: Relies on police incident reports, which may reflect changes in reporting behaviour rather than underlying crimes, and results may be sensitive to spatial displacement.
Caminho no grafo
- FamíliaRegras e regulação
- TipoFiscalização e policiamento
- ResultadoCriminalidade
- EixoPaz e justiça
MAGI só cita evidência deste instrumento
Lugares do estudo
- Tenderloin · Distrito ou local · US
- South of Market · Distrito ou local · US
- San Francisco · Município · US
- Licença
- CC-BY
- Revisão
- Extraído por máquina, não revisadoExtraído por: gemini-3.8-flash, 2026-10-23